Misopates orontium
The species Misopates orontium has several advantages that make it significant for STR exploration.
First, it is closely related to several species in the Antirrhinum genus, and it also has a completely assembled genome. The genome is blastable and equipped with a genome data viewer.
Second, it boasts high accuracy and sequence depth. Third, comprehensive annotations and blasting tools are readily available.
The genotypes of Misopates flowers can be denoted as ros1/ros1, ROS2/ROS2, el/el, and VEN/VEN. It's important to note that the SULF gene differs in this species.
Compilation of 'slider formation': Analyzing the relationship between genotype and floral phenotype while incorporating the concept of "Missing Heritability," which is essential when comparing morphotypes (phenotypes) with their underlying molecular notations (genotypes). The “hidden heritability” is largely caused by short tandem repeats located within the introns of the MYB anthocyanin transcription factor. |
**ROS1 MYB factor**
ROS1 poly(TAA) STR | ros1 poly(TTA) STR | floral phenotype |
 slider formation ROS1 poly(TAA) STR upregulated A. majus A.pseudomajus |  slider formation ros1 poly(TTA) STR downregulated A. striatum A. hispanicum Misopates orontium | ROS1/ROS1 dark purple fl. color ros1/ros1 white to lila fl. color
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**EL MYB factor** long poly(TA) STR upregulated - A. hispanicum poly(TA) 18_AAATATATATAT - A. striatum poly(TA)8_CA_Poly(TA)8 | el short (sh) poly(TA) STR downregulated - A. majus (sh) - A. pseudomajus (sh) - A. misopates (sh) | central floral lila coloration when upregulated |
**SULF factor** SULF -{GTTAC} in intr. A. pseudomajus | sulf +{GTTAC} in intron A. striatum A. majus | Yellow when {GTTAC} insert is missing |
**VEN MYB factor** VEN (up) Misopates | poly(T) STR ven (down) A. striatum (in part) | purple veins coloration |
**ROS2 MYB factor** long poly(TA) STR Misopates A. hispanicum | short poly(TA) STR downregulated A. striatum | outer petal lila coloration when up |
**FLA** no STRs so far, transregulated | **fla** | yellow central spot Y/N Most probably trans-regulated by SULF coding FLA = coding fla |
RetroTransposon COPIA** (TA)n in intron n=28-32 active YP4, MP2 Center of the "hybrid z" 2013 in A. striatum/pseudomajus n=21 mid activity MP11 pseudomajus ML_D210 striatum | n= near zero; no activity Misopates | May influence genetically Neighbour genes, when active, may influence STR-string length? In the center of the hybrid zone, polyTA is longest in the retrotransposon Copia! |
STRs act like cis-regulators but can also be affected by trans mechanisms (also SULF). This system theoretically allows flower color to reset itself quickly when needed.
N.B.
A notable example illustrates what can occur when multiple structural mutations arise at the right times and in specific locations. These somatic mutations can lead to the rapid loss of one color pattern, followed by the emergence of another as needed. This process is likely driven by molecular machinery acting in cis and trans.
The source of dynamic change in this complex machinery remains hypothetical, and any role for quantum mechanics is speculative.
Once a certain threshold is reached, this machinery may be able to integrate short segments of DNA back into the genome through short tandem repeats (STRs), potentially allowing these new characteristics to be inherited by future generations. Alternative explanations for this phenomenon currently appear less likely.
To clarify all these features, especially within the context of *A. pseudomajus/striatum*, it would be advantageous to invest in deep and long-read single-cell genomics. This approach would enable the detection of quantum mechanically induced mutations and much more. Additionally, it is worth noting that Darwin never reached these regions of Spain!
See also: 05-21-26 rolfy
q.e.d.